【呂艾肯-警察特考英文】

中央警察大學 106 學年度碩士班入學考試試題

研究所碩士班入學考試 英文試題詳解

【警大考試-警大英文-呂艾肯】

所  別：各所   科  目：英文

一、 Vocabulary and Phrases：（20 分）

 1、年金改革 annuity/pension reform           

 2、化武攻擊 “chemical weapon” attack       

 3、檢調單位 the organ of prosecution and investigation     

 4、限制出境 restriction of exit                    

 5、北韓政權 regime of North Korea         

6、川普政府  Trump administration

7、併排違停  double parking

8、保障人民權利 protect civil right

9、促進社會進步 facilitate the progress of society

10、肇事逃逸責任 the accountability of hit and run

 二、Translation：（30 分）

（一）（中翻英）:  幫派份子從事犯罪活動，目的是要增加或維持聯盟的力量、 聲明或經濟財源，他們在聯盟內部會有加入或運作的規定，聯盟提供成員 身體上的保護，以抵禦其他罪犯或幫派，並致力對於特定地點或區域行使 其控制，以防衛利益不受對手侵犯。

擬答:

Gangsters are engaged in criminal activities in order to enforce or maintain the power, claim and economic sources of the league. They have regulations about joining and operating in the league, offering physical protection for the members to defend other criminals and gangs and devoted to exercising the manipulation to the certain spot or area to protect their interests from being violated by their adversaries.

 （二）（English  to  Chinese）:  Buying  drugs  from  a  suspect  is  a  direct  means  of gathering evidence. Undercover drug operations, though dangerous, is useful in identifying participants in drug conspiracies. Undercover officers should be intelligent, reliable, confident, and resourceful, and have good judgment and excellent communication skills.

擬答:

。儘管危險，但臥底的緝毒行動在識別販毒集團內的成員是很有用的。臥底的員警必須聰明、可靠、有自信並足智多謀且有著良好的判斷力與絕佳的溝通技巧。從嫌犯那購買毒品是一種直接了當收集證據的手段

三、Reading Comprehension：（20 分）

Qs 1-5: Closest in Meaning Test: Find the sentence that is closest in meaning to the one given for each question.

1. Police officers are prohibited from firing warning shots under any circumstances; police officers are also not permitted to shoot at a moving vehicle unless the vehicle being shot at is being used in an assault attempt.

警方被禁止在任何情況下鳴槍示警; 除非正被射擊的車輛被用來作攻擊的企圖，否則警方也不允許對移動中的車輛開槍。

1. When their lives are threatened, police are authorized to fire warning shots.

             當生命受威脅下時，警方有被授權可鳴槍示警。

2. Police officers are never allowed to shoot at moving vehicles.
   3. Police officers can shoot at moving vehicles only if a police officer’s life is threatened.
   3. 警方能對移動中的車輛開槍。
      4. Police officers can sometimes shoot at a moving vehicle.

2. “Law must be stable and yet it cannot stand still,” means most nearly that
3. 法律必須是穩定可靠的，可然而卻不能僵持不變”意指最接近
   1. law is a fixed body of subject matter.

法律是種主題式的固定不變主體。

2. law must adapt itself to changing conditions.
3. 。
   3. law is a poor substitute for justice.
4. 。
   4. the true administration of justice is the firmest pillar of good government.
      •  

3. We must remember what happened in the past so that it will never happen again.
4. ，如此問題便不會再發生
   1. If we could remember the past, it would not happen again.
      • ，發生過的就不會再次重演
   2. In order not to repeat the past, we should certainly not forget what happened then.
      •  
   3. Since we all tend to forget what happened in the past, we do the same mistakes again.
      • ，所以我們會一再犯下錯事。
   4. Those who couldn't remember what happened in the past were more likely to repeat it.

記不住過去發生什麼事的人更有可能會再重複此事。

4. Because of his innocent face, it is difficult even today to believe he was a criminal although it had been certainly proven.
5. 1. Today it is possible to understand why people didn't want to believe that he was guilty as he had an innocent face.
      •  
   2. If it had been proven that he was guilty, they would believe that he was a criminal.
      • ，他們會相信他是個罪犯。
   3. It doesn't necessarily mean that criminals can't have an innocent look.
      •  
   4. Despite the fact that he was proven to be a criminal, his innocent face makes it difficult to believe that.
      • ，但他那張無邪的臉使得要相信此事十分困難。

5. French is the only language other than English spoken on five continents.
6. 。
   1. French and English are the only languages that are spoken on five continents.
7. 2. French and English are spoken widely in official and commercial circles.
8. 3. Before English, French was the only language spoken on five continents.
9. ，法文是唯一在五大洲被使用的語言。
   4. Worldwide, French is the most widely taught second language after English.
10. ，法文是僅次於英文最被廣泛來教學的第二語言。

Qs 6-10: Based on the passage below, answer the questions that follow it.

Crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) grew out of the concept of defensible space developed by an architect and urban planner. Sometimes referred to as designing out crime, it has become an important tool for police in assisting communities in crime prevention efforts. The theory is based on the belief that design of the physical environment can create opportunities for people to come together and at the same time can remove the opportunity for criminals to act freely. It does this by concentrating on a facility’s design, landscaping, and security technology, including a combination of security and police personnel, to create a series of preventive measures that combine to reduce problems or disruptions to a facility. These same preventive measures are meant to provide a sense of confidence to the public that a location is secure.

透過環境設計（CPTED）達成預防犯罪是個由建築師和城市規劃者研發出的防禦空間概念。有時被稱為設計犯罪，它已成為警方協助社區進行犯罪預防作為中重要的工具。這個理論是根據，物理環境的設計可為人們聚集創造機會，且同時消除犯罪分子肆無忌憚行事的機會，這樣的設想。此想法也透過專注設施的設計，園林造景和安全技術當中包括保全與警方的組合來達成創造出一系列結合減少對於設施問題與妨礙的預防措施。這些相同的預防措施是為了向大眾提供一種此地點是安全的信心。

CPTED is most cost-effective when included in original design plans because this saves the costs associated with renovating or moving existing facilities. An example of a CPTED-based renovation in a mall or a transit facility would be moving the payment area of a parking lot where crimes have occurred closer to where it can be seen by general users or by the facility’s security officer. In this case, the placement of the payment area increases safety through the environmental decision of moving it into a safer area. The same example in a new facility would require someone with knowledge of CPTED principles considering the placement of the payment area during the design phase so as to prevent having to move it later.

      CPTED在原始設計計劃中是最具成本效益的，因為這樣可以省下相關整修或移動現有設施的成本。商場或過境設施中，依據CPTED的整修例子則是將曾發生過犯罪事件的停車場付費地點移到更接近一般大眾或該設施保全人員可看到的地點。在這種情況下，透過將付費處遷移到更安全區域的環境決策，此安置更增強了安全性。在新設施中同樣的例子會需要具有CPTED原則知識的人在設計階考慮到付費區的安置，以避免之後再遷移。

四、Essay：（30 分）

Write an essay on the topic:

Stress Management in Law Enforcement  執法人員的壓力管理

No job is immune from stress, but for the law enforcement officer, the strains and tensions experienced at work are unique, often extreme, and sometimes unavoidable.

In your opinion, how to tackle this work-related stress? Write an essay on this issue.

沒有一份工作是沒有壓力的，但對於執法人員來說，每個人在工作中所經歷的壓力和張力都是迥然不同，通常相當極端，且有時是不可避免的。

就你而言，如何處理這個來自工作相關的壓力呢？ 請依此問題來寫篇文章。